Vol. 1 No. 1 (2016): The First Issue: Green Environment for Future Life

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22135/sje.v1i1

Published: 05/20/2016

Articles

Adsorption of Procion Red on Natural Bentonite : Kinetic Studies
Tarmizi Taher Indonesia , Aldes Lesbani
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Abstract: Adsorption of procion red on natural bentonite was studied by kinetic study to know the reactivity of procion red. Kinetic adsorption was determined using batch adsorption system at various times in several concentrations of procion red. Time of adsorption was investigated at 5, 10, 20, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 minutes in 10, 25, 50, and 75 mg/L of procion red. The data was calculated using Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetic equation. The diffusions process of procion red into bentonite at lower concentration was faster than at higher concentration in general with fit correlation between [(ln(Co/C))/C] vs t/C from Langmuir-Hinshelwood data. The adsorption procion red on bentonite data at various times shows Langmuir monolayer adsorption process in the surface of bentonite.
Keyword: adsorption, procion red, natural bentonite, kinetic
Abstrak (Indonesian): Adsorpsi procion merah pada bentonit alam telah dipelajari melalui studi kinetik untuk mengetahui reaktivitas procion merah. Kinetika adsorpsi ditentukan menggunakan sistem adsorpsi simultan pada berbagai waktu dalam beberapa konsentrasi procion merah. Waktu adsorpsi dipelajari pada 5, 10, 20, 30, 45, 60, 90, dan 120 menit pada konsentrasi procion merah 10, 25, 50, dan 75 mg/L. Data dihitung menggunakan persamaan kinetika Langmuir-Hinshelwood. Proses difusi procion merah ke dalam bentonit pada konsentrasi rendah lebih cepat dibanding pada konsentrasi lebih tinggi secara umum dengan hubungan korelasi yang lurus antara [(ln(Co/C))/C] versus t/C dari data Langmuir-Hinshelwood. Adsorpsi procion merah pada bentonit dengan berbagai variasi waktu adsorpsi menunjukkan proses adsorpsi satu lapisan pada permukaan bentonit.Â
Katakunci: adsorpsi, procion merah, bentonit alam, kinetik
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Pages: 1-4

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22135/sje.v1i1.1

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Microcosmic Study on Heterotrophic CO2 Emission from Tropical Peat as Related to Water Table Modification
Dewi Lastuti Faculty of Agriculture, Sriwijaya University, Palembang, Indonesia Indonesia , Sabarudin Kadir , Dedik Budianta
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ABSTRACT: A microcosmic experiment was conducted to estimate CO₂ emission from peat soils.Â Two treatments, peat humification levels (F = Fibric, H = Hemic, S = Sapric) and water levels (G₀ = 10 cm; G₁= 0 cm; G₂ = -10 cm; G₃ = -20 cm), were tested and arranged according to factorial randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 3 replicates.Â Current study revealed that CO₂ emission was significantly affected (p<0.01) by peat humification levels and water levels.Â The sapric peat emitted significantly higher CO₂ (696.69 b Â± 43.95 mg CO₂g^-1peat d^-1) than hemic (504.62 a Â± 105.72 mg CO₂g^-1peat d^-1)and fibric (492.56 a Â± 90.69 mg CO₂g^-1peat d^-1)peats.Â Decreases in water level shifted anaerobic condition into aerobic condition, causing significant increases in CO₂ emission.Â Regardless of peat humification levels, CO₂ emission and water table depth in current study showed a nonlinier relationship.Â It seems that a threshold water tables for enhanced CO₂ emissions was within the range of -10 to -20 cm below peat surface.
Keywords : microcosmic, peat, humification, CO₂ emission.
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ABSTRAK (Indonesian): Tujuan percobaan skala mikrokosm ini adalah untuk estimasi emisi CO₂ dari tanah gambut.Â Pengaruh 2 (dua) perlakuan, yaitu tingkat humifikasi gambut (F = Fibrik, H = Hemik, S = Saprik) dan tinggi muka air (G₀ = 10 cm; G₁= 0 cm; G₂ = -10 cm; G₃ = -20 cm), disusun menurut Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial (RALF) dengan 3 (tiga) ulangan.Â Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan tingkat humifikasi gambut dan tinggi muka air mempengaruhi emisi CO₂ secara nyataÂ (p<0.01).Â Emisi CO₂ dari gambut dengan tingkat humifikasi saprik menghasilkan emisi CO₂ secara nyata lebih tinggi (696.69 b Â± 43.95 mg CO₂g^-1gambut hr^-1) dibandingkan dengan emisi CO₂ dari gambut hemik (504.62 a Â± 105.72 mg CO₂g^-1gambut hr^-1) dan fibrik (492.56 a Â± 90.69 mg CO₂g^-1gambut hr^-1).Â Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa perubahan suasana reduktif menjadi oksifatif akibat penurunan muka air juga diikuti oleh peningkatan emisi CO₂ secara nyata pada semua tingkat humifikasi gambut.Â Besaran emisi CO₂ dan muka air tanah menunjukkan pola hubungan nonlinier pada ketiga tingkat kematangan gambut. Â Hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa tinggi muka air pada ketiga tingkat kematangan gambut yang menjadi pemicu percepatan emisi CO₂ adalah berada pada kisaran -10 to -20 cm di bawah permukaan gambut.
Kata kunci : mikrokosm, gambut, humifikasi, emisi CO₂.

Pages: 5-9

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22135/sje.2016.1.1.5-9

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Bioethanol Production From Cellulose by Candida tropicalis, as An Alternative Microbial Agent to Produce Ethanol from Lignocellulosic Biomass
Hermansyah Hermansyah Chemistry Dept Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Sriwijaya University Indonesia , Novia Novia , Maulin Wiraningsih
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Abstract:Â Candida tropicalis isolated from Tuak is a potentially useful microorganism for the ethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass and it can be alterbative agent replacing Saccharomyces cerevisae for fermentation process. Although C.tropicalis could not convertÂ all carbohydrates content of lignocellulosic into bioethanol, however it is able to grow on medium in the presence of either xylose or arabinose as carbon source.Â Our result showed that fermentation of 10 % (w/v) cellulosic as sole carbon source produced 2.88% (v/v) ethanol by C.tropicalis.Â This ethanol production was lower than usage of 10% (w/v) dextrose as sole carbon source Â medium which producing 5.51% (v/v) ethanol.Â Based upon our expreiment indicated that C.tropicalis is able to conduct two main process in converting of cellulosic material- to ethanol which is hydrolysis the degradation of cellulose into glucose, and fermentation the process the conversion glucose into bioethanol.
KeywordsÂ : Candida tropicalis, bioethanol, fermentation, cellulosic
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Abstrak (Indonesian):Â Candida tropicalis yang diisiolasi dari Tuak adalah agen yang berpotensi dalam produksi etanol dari biomasa lignoselulosa dan dapat dijadikan agen alternatif menggantikan Saccharomyces cerevisiae pada proses fernentasi.Â Walaupun C.tropicalis tidak dapat mengkonversi semua kandungan karbohidrat lignoselulosamenjadi etanol, akan tetapi C.tropicalis mampu tumbuh pada media dengan xilosa atau arabinosa sebagaisumber karbon. Hasil kami menunjukkan bahwa dengan mengguankan C.tropicalisÂ fermentasi 10% (w/v) selulosa sebagai satu-satunya sumber karbon menghasilkan 2,88% (v/v) etanol, Produksi etanol ini lebih rendah jika menggunakan 10% (w/v) dekstrosa sebagai satu satunya sumber karbon yang menghasilkan 5,51% (v/v) etanol.Â Berdasarkan percobaan menunjukkan bahwa C.tropicalis mampu melakukan dua proses utama dalam mengkonversi material selulosa menjadi etanol yaitu hidrolisis degradasi selulosa menjadi glukosa, dan fermentasi proses konversi glukosa menjadi bioetanol.
Kata Kunci:Â Candida tropicalis, bioetanol, fermentasi, celulosik
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Pages: 10-13

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22135/sje.2016.1.1.10-13

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The influence of pyrolysis and matrix modifiers on determination of Cr and Pb in sediment samples by GFAAS
Risfidian Mohadi Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Sciences, Sriwijaya University, Jl. Raya Palembang Prabumulih Km32 Ogan Ilir 30662, South Sumatera, Indonesia Indonesia , JosÃ© A.C. Broekaert
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Abstract: The Influence of pyrolysis and matrix modifiers on determination of Cr and Pb in sediment samples using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry has been investigated. The sediment samples including three certified reference materials (CRMs) are reported. Analyses were performed using microwave assisted dissolution. The matrix modifiers Mg(NO₃)₂, Pd+Mg(NO₃)₂ and NH₄H₂PO₄were shown to be optimazed. The recovery for Cr and Pb in CRMs in the case of sample dissolution was found to be between 81 to 91% for Cr and 94 to 98% for Pb of the certified values, respectively.
Keywords: Sediment, Pyrolysis, Matrix modifiers, Cr, Pb

Abstrak (Indonesia): Pengaruh pirolisis dan matriks pengubah pada penentuan Cr dan Pb dalam sampel sedimen menggunakan tungku grafit spektroskopi serapan atom telah diteliti. Sampel sedimen termasuk tiga bahan referensi bersertifikat (CRMs) dilaporkan dianalisis dengan menggunakan bantuan microwave ekstraktor. Matriks pengubah Mg(NO₃)₂, Pd+Mg(NO₃)₂ dan NH₄H₂PO₄ telah digunakan dan menghasilkan nilai temu balik untuk Cr dan Pb dalam CRMs ditemukan antara 81-91% untuk Cr dan 94-98 % untuk Pb dari nilai sertifikat masing-masing.
Katakunci: Sedimen, Pirolisis,Â Matrix modifiers, Cr, Pb

Pages: 14-17

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22135/sje.2016.1.1.14-17

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Blood clams community (Anadara granoasa) in The Eastern Coastal Waters of Banyuasin Regency South Sumatera
Rini Setianingsih Sriwijaya University, Indonesia , Hilda Zulkifli , Zazili Hanafiah
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Abstract: This research aimed to study existence of blood clams population and the environmental factors that affect them. This research was conducted in the coastal waters of Banyuasin in February 2015. The blood clamp sample was collected using Ekman Grab at low tide. From the observation in the research site, the highest population density was 60 ind/m2 with clay substrate texture, while the lowest density was 20 ind/m² on the dusty clay substrate. Blood clams population was not found on the sand substrate texture station. Morphometric data showed that the blood clam population in the research site, including the medium category with b < 3 growth pattern (allometric negative). The results of PCA analysis proved that the habitat texture and sediment organic habitats were dominant factors besides the chemical physics environmental factors of the waters (temperature, salinity, pH).
Keywords: Blood clams, density, morphometric, PCA
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Abstrak (Indonesian): Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari keberadaanÂ populasi kerang-darah dan faktor lingkungan yang mempengaruhinya. Penelitian ini dilakukan di perairan pesisir Banyuasin pada bulan Februari 2015. Sampel kerang-darah diambil dengan mengunakan Ekman Grab pada saat air surut. Dari hasil pengamatan pada lokasi penelitian, kepadatan populasi kerang-darah tertinggiÂ adalah 60 ind/m² dengan tekstur substrat lempung, sedangkan kepadatan terendah adalah 20 ind/m2 pada substrat lempung berdebu. Populasi kerang-darah tidak ditemukan pada stasiun dengan tekstur substrat pasir. Data morfometrik menunjukan bahwa populasi kerang-darah di lokasi penelitian termasuk kategori sedang dengan pola pertumbuhanÂ b < 3 (allometrik negatif). Hasil analisis PCA membuktikan bahwa tekstur habitat dan bahan organik sedimen merupakan faktor dominan disamping faktor lingkungan fisika kimia perairan (suhu, salinitas, pH).
Kata kunci: Kerang-darah, kepadatan, morfometrik, PCA

Pages: 18-23

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22135/sje.v1i1.9

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Vol. 1 No. 1 (2016): The First Issue: Green Environment for Future Life

Articles

Adsorption of Procion Red on Natural Bentonite : Kinetic Studies

Microcosmic Study on Heterotrophic CO2 Emission from Tropical Peat as Related to Water Table Modification

Bioethanol Production From Cellulose by Candida tropicalis, as An Alternative Microbial Agent to Produce Ethanol from Lignocellulosic Biomass

The influence of pyrolysis and matrix modifiers on determination of Cr and Pb in sediment samples by GFAAS

Blood clams community (Anadara granoasa) in The Eastern Coastal Waters of Banyuasin Regency South Sumatera

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