Vol. 3 No. 2 (2018): Soil and Water

View Vol. 3 No. 2 (2018): Soil and Water

Published: 09/26/2018

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Articles

The Effect of Pressure and Time Operation of Water Treatment of Gasing River on Pollutant Concentration by Using Ceramic Membrane Separation
Sisnayati Syechran Graduate School, Environmental Science Doctor Program Study, Universitas Sriwijaya Indonesia
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Abstract
The purpose of this study isÂ to treat water from Gasing River, Banyuasin District, South Sumatera Province by using ceramic membrane to produce clean water. Also, this study is to analyze the performance of ceramic membranes in terms of its ability to reduce the pollutants contained in water of Gasing River. The ceramic membrane was tube-shaped, made from clay (87.5% w), iron powder (2.5% w) and activated carbon of oil palm empty bunch (10% w). The operation condition of membrane separation was of 15 minutes; 30 minutes; 45 minutes; 60 minutes; 75 minutes; 90 minutes and the applied Â pressure Â was of 1.0 bar, 1.5 bar and 2.0 bar. The reduction pollutants (Fe, Mn, Zn, NH₃-N, NO₂^- and PO₄^-3) concentration increased with increasing the pressure and the operating time of membrane separation, and the pollutants concentration in effluent was met the Environmental Quality Standards.

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Pages: 47-54

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22135/sje.2018.3.2.47-54

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Sanitation Behavior Among Flood Disaster Victims In Bukittinggi City â€“ West Sumatra
Putri Nilam Sari Faculty of Public Health, Andalas University Indonesia , Aria Gusti Indonesia
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Bukittinggi is one of city in West Sumatra that is potentially flooded and happen at the highest rainfall periods. Only three from 24 urban villages in Bukittinggi have low sanitation risk and it increases the flood-following disease. This research was done with quantitative approach to identified sanitation behavior among flood affected people as many as 47 respondents taken by proportional random sampling. The result showed the frequency distribution and percentage of each variable. Most flood-affected people in the Bukittinggi have toilets, but half of them use disposable diapers for their children and end up in trash cans. A small percentage of people dispose their waste water through toilets and their sewers are in poor condition. Most people do not segregate their solid waste and almost all of the solid waste have been dumped to the temporary dump site. Most people wash their hands with soap, but only small number do it before cooking. It is suggested to government to socialize the importance of sanitation and strengthen the role of community leaders to increase community awareness to have clean and healthy lifestyle.

Pages: 55-60

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22135/sje.2018.3.2.55-60

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Amonium and Nitrate Of Soil In Relation To Water Table Fluctuation At The Tidal Rice Fields
Warsito Warsito Sriwijaya University Indonesia
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The reclaimed lowlands of Indonesia with the respective of 256 hectares of secondary block consist of 16 hectares of tertiary blocks, wereÂ used for rice plant production. Paddy was planted during the rainy season of November to February. It was followed by water melon plant in March to May. Then corn was growed in the dry season of June to September finally.Â Fluctuations of water table in the farm is very crucial in determining the cropping calender. Water management with free drainage approach is influenced by tidal water movement into the tertiary canals bordering the farmers fields. A constant water retention -10 cm below the canal bank has increased the water table in the farm from -10 cm to +20 cm. Water retention (controlled drainage) mode was applied by the farmers especially during the rice growing period. The release of water in the canal to a depth of -50 cm below the canal bank had lowered the water table level to -20 cm. During almost 200 days of experimental work, soil and water samples were taken by 11 times. The content of NO₃^-, NH₄⁺and pH of the soil sample andÂ be analyzed in relation to the water table fluctuation. Groundwater level does not show the effect on nitrate release on the urea application stocked. however, on the high ground water level it appears to be more in control of ammonium release compared to the ground water level of -20 cm.

Pages: 61-67

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22135/sje.2018.3.2.61-67

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Water Quality and Status Aquatic Fauna of Dhaka Mega City, Bangladesh
Nur Hussain M.Sc Bangladesh
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This research focused of the effect of water pollution on aquatic fauna at Dhaka mega city, Bangladesh. Dhaka is an over populated capital city of Bangladesh. The rapid urban expansion, highly demographic growth, industrial development of this mega city have been including in a polluted city. The industrial and municipal waste material have polluted the wetlands basin of this city. Aquatic fauna of these wetlands basin are endanger for pollutant substances. The aquatic records and have been collected by field observation.Â The water quality of this mega city have been explored by sample collection and lab analysis. Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) are less than standard level. As a result the water body fully toxic that condition is not free for living organism. On the other way, the availability of Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Lead (Pb) and Cadmium (Cd) are catastrophically high from standard level. So the water quality fully polluted and it is not sustainable for aquatic fauna.

Pages: 68-73

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22135/sje.2018.3.2.68-73

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Green Technology Contribution in Development of Coolant Wastewater Filtration
Erna Yuliwati Indonesia
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The aim of this study Â is the contribution of green technology in the sustainable development of oily wastewater from machining process. The cross-flow membranes has been performed for treating wastewater emulsion of oil derived from the automotive industry on the metal cutting section. TheÂ objective of this study is to treat liquid waste from machining process using membrane technology. The mechanism of ultrafiltration process is flow of small molecules pass through pore of membrane. The performance of the cellulose acetate hydrophilic membrane is determined by the permeate and rejection flux. The operation of this two-stage ultrafiltration membrane involves a 12% composite cellulose acetate membrane (CA-12) in phase I and 15% (15%) cellulose acetate membrane (CA-15) in phase II with a 90 minute operating time with pressure of 3.5 bar. Flux of phase I, without pretreatment and with pretreatment are 17,03 L / m².h and 59,05 L / m².h respectively. In phase II, the flux of treatment without and with preteeatment are 22.08 L / m².h and 24.86 L / m².h , respectively. COD and surfactant rejection for both membrane without pretreatment of 96.57% and 96.35%, whereas for waste feed with COD rejection of 98.56% and surfactant rejection of 97.44 %.

Pages: 74-79

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22135/sje.2018.3.2.74-79

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