Vol. 4 No. 2 (2019): Aquatic Environment
Published:
08/31/2019
Articles
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Morphometric Analysis for Evaluation of Environmental Change and Disaster Reduction of Flood
ichsanul akbarOne indicator of environmental change due to climate change and human activities is changes in river flow and dynamics that can be seen on the visible scale and watershed. This study used geomorphic data which was an important factor for understanding natural processes that occur in efforts to reduced and managed flood risk. Changed in river morphometry would affect the characteristics of river flow, especially in watersheds that have meanders. Analysis was carried out on the Ogan River flow in the Ulak Pandan area and around by comparing flow changes in 1990 and 2016 as well as the used of land at the research site. The morphometry changes were analyzed by changing the width of the river and sinuosity parameters to evaluate the type of change that occurred. The results showed that there was an increase in the width of the river and the sinuosity index value at the same time it appeared that river meanders 5, 6 and 7 represented changes with the highest increase, whereas for land used to changed there was an increase in plantation land and agricultural land. This, indirectly by making changed to land use changed, the destruction of the natural vegetation of the river system results in degradation of river flow, especially in the outer meander arc.
Pages: 52-58Views: - Downloads: -Utilization of Lime Derived From Mussel Freshwater Shells (Pilsbryoconcha exilis) to Increase Swamp Water pH For Catfish (Pangasius sp.) culture
Dade - Jubaedah Sriwijaya University Indonesia , Marsi - - Sriwijaya University Indonesia , Marini - Wijayanti Sriwijaya University IndonesiaThe water pH of swamp land is generally low (below 4) and becomes a constraint in catfish culture that requires pH 6.5-8.5. In this current study, the low pH value of water was overcome by liming using lime produced from the mussel freshwater shells. The purposes of this study were to determine the best dosage of lime derived from mussel freshwater shells to increase the pH of swamp water, as well as its effect on the survival rate and growth of catfish fingerlings. This study used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments used were the different dosages of lime derived from mussel freshwater shells (P1=4,000, P2=5,000, P3=6,000, P4=7,000 kg/ha equivalent CaO) and calcite (CaCO3) as control (P5= 6,000 kg/ha equivalent CaO). The result showed that P4 was the best treatment according to data of swamp water pH increased from 3.4 to 8.23, soil pH increased from 3.4 to 8.22, survival rate (100%), absolute growth of weight (56.59 g) and length (13.37 cm) and feed effeciency (113.06%).Pages: 59-63Views: - Downloads: -Land and Water Management In Pineapple and Sengon Agroforestry Systems in Peatland
Momon Sodik Imanudin Department of Soil Science Swirijaya University IndonesiaFires of land and forests on peatland occur every year. This problem is triggered by the burning of land that is not cultivated, or the business of land clearing by community group that does an open fire which is less costly. Because of this condition, people need to find alternative efforts to use peat without burning the land. The agroforestry model is an effort carried out by utilizing land for wood industry plants and the seasonal crops (agriculture) are planted among the main crops. This effort encourages partnerships between private parties and local residents. Field applications have been carried out in the Sumatra Alam Anugrah LLC concession area, in Gumai Village, Teluk Rumai Village, Gelumbang sub-district. Sengon plants are used as main plants, while pineapple plants are intercrop plants, which are expected to contribute to the income of local residents. Results of the study showed that soil characteristics were characterized by porosity ranging from 90 to 95% and soil content of 0.2 gr / cm3. The movement of water in the soil was very fast. In order to manage the land and water of the study area it is suggested to apply a concept of water control that is a shallow drainage, namely the primary channel that has a depth of 2 m, the secondary channel, and tertiary channel that were made with a depth of 1 m. In the plot of the land a worm channel is made with a distance between 50 channels and a depth of 40 cm. With this shallow water system, the depth of the groundwater can be maintained at an altitude of 30 to 40 cm, so that it is suitable for pineapple growth and also prevention of land fires.
Pages: 64-77Views: - Downloads: -Developing Habitat Conservation Suitable For Nam Xouang Reservoir, Vientiane Province, Lao PDR
Dina Muthmainnah Research Institute for Inland Fisheries and Extension SEAFDEC/IFRDMD Indonesia , Aroef Hukmanan Rais Research Institute for Inland Fisheries and Extension SEAFDEC/IFRDMD Indonesia , Dondavanh Sibouthong Fisheries Division, Department of Livestock and Fisheries Lao PDR Lao People's Democratic RepublicThe establishment of the conservation area considers the most important issues of the environment changing in inland waters of ASEAN Countries. To respond this issue, a study was conducted in Nam Xouang Reservoir, Lao PDR, in 2018. To determine the conservation area, data and information were collected by mapping the deep waters area of spawning grounds, feeding ground, fishing seasons, and fish species caught. The data was collected with the support of six enumerators in upper-side and downside of the reservoir to identify the fish species and fish length-weight data. Results showed that built the display boards and warning signs is an effective way of considering simultaneously, to inform the local villagers about the fishing regulations and fish conservation zones. The participation of local fishing communities and local authorities might be necessary for the successful and sustainable management of the fisheries in the Nam Xouang Reservoir.
Pages: 78-84Views: - Downloads: -Demographic Rise Effect on Water Supply Systems in Urban Higher Learning Institutions; Case Study of Kenyatta University
Mary Makokha Kenyatta University KenyaIn the past ten years, public institutions including Kenyatta University have experienced a surge in population growth, exacerbated by a demand for higher education. The university population has increased eight times more between the year 2006-2016 leading to inadequacy in accommodation services within university premises, thus three quarters of these students reside in the neighboring areas. This study aimed at looking at the impact of this population increase on the water systems. Quantitative and qualitative methods were employed; three FGDs, key informant interviews and 220 respondents were interviewed comprising of; students, households, caretakers and small business owners. The study established that 62% of the residents used water from municipal water integrated to borehole supply. There were high water shortages marked with rationing as supply was only 2-3 times a week during student peak sessions. Most residents reverted to boreholes that were sunk without following set standards. 60% stored water in locally made tanks with low storage capacity inadequate to meet demand. The respondents felt the need to have an integrated holistic approach and coordination among all relevant stakeholders including; government, management institutions, households, students, public institution administrators, and businesses in order to comprehensively manage the water resources effectivelyPages: 85-96Views: - Downloads: -Effect of Strong El-Nino and Strong La-Nina Periode on Groundwater Availability in Palembang City
Rezfiko Agdialta Indonesia Agency for Meteorology Climatology and Geophysic (BMKG). IndonesiaEl-Nino results in reduced air mass in most parts of Indonesia and can cause drought. In the La-Nina phase some parts of Indonesia will get more water vapor resulting in increased frequency of rain. Increased rainfall has an impact on  groundwater availability. Groundwater  availability illustrates the condition of water in the soil which is useful in many sectors of life, especially in the agricultural sector. This study aims to see the relationship between the El Nino and La Nina phenomena strongly by using SOI indicators on groundwater availability in Palembang. In the Strong El-Nino phase in 1994 and 1997 the SOI index had a moderate correlation with  groundwater availability of 32% and 39%. In 2015 the correlation of SOI to groundwater avability was 79% indicating a strong relationship. In 2008 and 2011 which was a strong La-Nina phase the SOI index correlation value for groundwater availability was 46% and 45%, respectively, which indicated a moderate correlation.
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Pages: 97-103Views: - Downloads: -Water and Land Productivity of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) at Floating Pot on Wetland
Lily Endah Diansari Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Pagar Alam IndonesiaThe objective of this study was to determine the values of water productivity and land productivity at the floating pot on wetland and to find out whether the floating pots were optimal or not for agriculture in wetlands. The planting media used were mineral soil, and peat soil consisting of 0%, 30%, 50%, 70% and 100% each of which had hydraulic conductivity values respectively except the 100% was 36.07 cm/hour, 38.33 cm/hour, 51.23 cm/hour and 69.60 cm/hour. The water delivery used was legacy cloth which had hydraulic conductivity value was 158.4 cm/hour. The floating pots were applied to the experiment tank in the greenhouse. The decrease in water level in the experimental pool was total evapotranspiration for all plants in five types of planting media. Water level reduction during the 41-days planting period was 40.56 mm with a total water volume was 0.081 m3. The productivity values of land and water in the 0%, 30%, 50%, 70% and 100% peat planting media, respectively were 1.29, 1.25, 1.06, 0.8 dan 0 kg/m2 dan 1.63, 1.63, 1.38, 1.04 dan 0 kg/m3.The objective of this study was to determine the values of water productivity and land productivity at the floating pot on wetland and to find out whether the floating pots were optimal or not for agriculture in wetlands. The planting media used were mineral soil, and peat soil consisting of 0%, 30%, 50%, 70% and 100% each of which had hydraulic conductivity values respectively except the 100% was 36.07 cm/hour, 38.33 cm/hour, 51.23 cm/hour and 69.60 cm/hour. The water delivery used was legacy cloth which had hydraulic conductivity value was 158.4 cm/hour. The floating pots were applied to the experiment tank in the greenhouse. The decrease in water level in the experimental pool was total evapotranspiration for all plants in five types of planting media. Water level reduction during the 41-days planting period was 40.56 mm with a total water volume was 0.081 m3. The productivity values of land and water in the 0%, 30%, 50%, 70% and 100% peat planting media, respectively were 1.29, 1.25, 1.06, 0.8 dan 0 kg/m2 dan 1.63, 1.63, 1.38, 1.04 dan 0 kg/m3.Pages: 104-108Views: - Downloads: -Yield Response And Water Productivity For Rice Growth With Several Irrigations Treatment In West Java
Hendri Sosiawan Researcher of Indonesian Swampland Agriculture Research Institute Jl Kebun Karet, Loktbat Utara, Banjarbaru 70712 Indonesia , Wahida Annisa Researcher of Indonesian Swampland Agriculture Research Institute Jl Kebun Karet, Loktbat Utara, Banjarbaru 70712As the challenges toward increasing water for irrigation and water scarcity threats become more prevalent, knowledge of crop yield response to water can facilitate the development of irrigation strategies for improving agricultural productivity. Experiments were conducted to to compare water usage of several irrigation treatment on rice growth performance and productivity and its water use efficiency. These experiments were conducted using Situbagendit rice variety (115 day length periode), Urea and Tri Super Phospate fertilizer. Fertilizer dosage follows fertilizer recommendations for rice, i.e : Urea 250 kg/ha, SP-36 100 kg/ha and 100 kg KCl/ha. Irrigation started from land preparation. controll block (deep flooding) was flooded by a water height of 7 cm. Low level continues flow block was flooded by a water height of 3-5 cm. The volume of water used to saturate the soil of the saturated block was estimated. The number of days of non-flooded soil in AWD before irrigation is applied can vary from 1 day to more than 5 days. The results showed that total volume of water supplied during the rice growing period in the control block was 2,761.91 m3. Total water volume related to the low level continous flow irrigation block was about 1,217.03 and only about 638.98 m3 for the alternate wet and dry irrigation block. Total volume supplied for soil saturation treatment was about 549.74 m3. Regardless the performance of rice crop growth, it’s the most efficient treatment in terms of water use. It only required an amount of water around14-20 % of amount of water consumed by the continuous deep flooding treatment. The rice yield of deep flooding irrigation treatment was equivalent to 5.6 tons/ha of dry paddy while the yields of low level continuous flow irrigation,alternate wet and dry irrigation and soil saturation treatments reached 5,3 tons/ha,3.36 tons/ha and 2.80 tons/ ha respectivelyPages: 109-116Views: - Downloads: -Make a Submission
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Sriwijaya Journal of Environment Sekolah Pasca Sarjana Universitas Sriwijaya